Fix Stained Teeth

Even with the most thorough oral cleaning regimen, our teeth are susceptible to staining over time. Smoking, the foods and beverages we consume, and aging, can all lead to yellow teeth. Fortunately for patients that are concerned with staining, there are numerous teeth whitening methods and because of modern dental technology, these treatments re more effective and affordable than ever.

Given the abundance of whitening options available today, patients are likely curious about their effectiveness, cost, and pros/cons. This article will evaluate the characteristics of some of the more popular whitening options.

Professional Whitening Treatment

Performed at a dentist’s office over a series of 30-60 minute sessions, professional whitening treatments use a high concentration of hydrogen peroxide or carbamide to combat staining. The bleaching agent is applied to the teeth surface and hardened with a light to accelerate the chemical reaction and bleaching process.

PROS: Whitens from the inside out (intrinsic), is faster and more effective than at-home treatments, dentist supervision reduces the risk of damaging the teeth or gums.

CONS: Expensive ($600-$1200/session), UV light could increase sensitivity issues, requires one or more visits to the dentist.

Custom Whitening Trays

Considered the best, most sustainable, and longest-lasting method for whitening teeth. The trays are custom-made based on an impression the dentist takes of the teeth and can be used indefinitely (assuming the teeth stay in place). A whitening gel can be used at home whenever whitening is desired. Results are generally achieved in 2-3 weeks with daily use but could take longer if staining is more extensive.

PROS: Offers professional results at a lower cost than in-office treatments, can be included in an Invisalign treatment, minimizes tooth sensitivity when peroxide content is 10% or less, won’t damage gum tissue

CONS: Somewhat expensive ($250-$500 for the tray and $20-$40 for peroxide refils), higher peroxide content can lead to sensitivity, requires initial visits with the dentist to take molds and custom-fit for the patient.

Whitening Toothpastes

Generally contain a combination of ingredients including hydrogen peroxide or carbamide, mild abrasives (baking soda, charcoal, silica, calcium carbonate), and hydroxyapatite. Studies indicate that using whitening toothpaste is somewhat effective in removing surface stains from the teeth (extrinsic whitening) but hydroxyapatite (HAp) toothpastes are the only whitening paste that whiten internally as well (intrinsic whitening).

PROS: Inexpensive, generally safe for long-term use (HAp), can help prevent or reverse tooth decay, safe for children (HAp)

CONS: Abrasives in some toothpastes could increase risk of cavities, peroxide could lead to lesions if overused, and peroxide could permanently damage collagen content of teeth

Use an Electric Toothbrush

Studies show that electric toothbrushes are more effective at removing surface stains from teeth than manual toothbrushes. In general, oscillating electric brushes are more effective than sonic-powered. Frequently additional features, with questionable efficacy, are added to the electric toothbrush but in general, inexpensive electric toothbrushes are no less effective than more expensive models.

PROS: No side effects or dangers to oral health, more effective at whitening than manual, may be more effective than manual brushes at protection against tooth decay.

CONS: More expensive than manual brushes.

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